 | Swimming makes (develops) strong and smooth muscles. |
 | Meetings helped me to find a job. (doesn’t quite work) |
 | Enjoying music relaxes me. |
 | Working makes me crazy. |
 | Working every day makes me crazy. (gerund phrase subject) |
 | Listening helps me to understand. (The feeling in this is
more “active” and may apply to a specific situation) |
 | To listen helps me to understand. (The feeling in this is
more “general” and so applies to most situations) (This one has
the same grammar at both ends, so it is more balanced in the sentence
and more formal) NOTE: not a gerund! |
 | Hiking gives us pleasure. |
 | Exercising gives us energy. |
 | Eating gives us joy |
Types of Sentences: Review of their uses
Reading increases our knowledge, and writing gives us practice.
(compound) We put compound sentences together when we with to
compare two things. Or, we do it because what we describe has more than
one feature.
Although reading increases our knowledge, to read too much decreases
our social skills. (complex) A complex sentence helps us express
complicated or related ideas.
When you wish to be clearly understood, use a simple sentence.
Or, when you wish to emphasize, use one as well.
When you see good writing, it has been constructed to help you
understand the ideas the writer wants to convey. Everything the writer
does is for a purpose. A short sentence shocks us. A long sentence, with
its complex ideas and dependent clauses, communicates more difficult ideas
because it has more space to put them in.
Some thoughts on punctuation: